纳米聚合物薄膜功能化的空心玻璃微球用于细胞分离

特定细胞的精确高效分离技术推动了实验细胞生物学和转化医学的发展。传统的细胞分离方法包括荧光激活细胞分选术（FACS）和磁性粒子分离法等。然而FACS法依赖昂贵的实验仪器，且方法较为繁琐；有文献报道磁性粒子和细胞的相互作用往往对细胞的增殖、表型及细胞功能有着不良的影响。可靠的细胞分离方法需要具有以下几个方面的特点：分离的细胞需要保持较高的增殖能力，其固有表型应得到良好的保持；此外，分离方法应该具有高效、靶细胞分离纯度高的特点。

最近，Ziye Dong等人报道了一种新颖的、简单高效的细胞分离技术。Dong等人使用空心玻璃微球（HGMS）作为载体，表面包覆可酶解的聚合物薄膜，进一步固定特异性抗体。该功能化微球可以快速的从细胞混液中分离靶细胞并且可以通过微球表面聚合物的酶解快速释放靶细胞。携带靶细胞的HGMS可以漂浮于细胞混合悬液表面，达到靶细胞分离的目的。为了减少细胞的非特异性黏附，提高靶细胞的分离纯度，抗污性的聚乙二醇（PEG）接枝于聚合物包覆的HGMS表面。人前列腺癌细胞PC-3/血细胞混合细胞体系中，该细胞分离方法实现了80%的靶细胞分离效率，分离后的靶细胞增殖率为81%，靶细胞纯度可达70%。细胞分离和恢复的全过程只需要不到1个小时，并且不需要其他的实验室设备，也无须电源、磁性设备或光源等设施。

The ability to accurately and efficiently isolate specific cells from cell mixtures has enabled researchers to advance the fields of experimental cell biology and translational medicine. Traditionally, fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), magnetic micro/nanoparticle-based cell sorting and other methods were utilized to fulfill cell isolation. However, FACS equipment is usually expensive and nonportable, and magnetic interaction between microparticles and targeted cell populations is known to have a negative impact on cell viability, phenotypic identity, and cell function. To develop a kind of reliable method of cell isolation, the following issues need to be achieved. The isolated cells should have high viability and the phenotype of the cells should be well-preserved for downstream studies. And the method must achieve both high efficiency of cell recovery and cell purity.

Recently, Ziye Dong and colleagues reported a novel approach which was simple and effective for cell isolation and recovery. In their work, self-floating hollow glass microspheres (HGMS) were coated with enzymatically degradable nanolayered polymer films and then conjugated with specific antibodies to allow both fast capture and release of targeted cells from cell mixture. Then microspheres could float to the top of the hosting liquid, thereby isolating targeted cells. To minimize nonspecific adhesion of untargeted cells and to enhance the purity of the isolated cells, an antifouling PEG polymer layer was grafted onto the nanolayered films. With the cancer cell line PC-3 in blood as a model system, their approach had achieved 80% recovery of targeted cells with 81% cell viability, as well as 70% purity of PC-3 cells in collected cell mixture. The entire process of cell isolation and recovery takes less than 1 h and requires no formal lab equipment or electrical, magnetic, or optical sources.

（李林龙）

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